Weather+and+climate

WEATHER AND CLIMATE

= The atmosphere covers the Earth and makes it livable. =

=It is a thin layer of mixed gases which make up the air we breathe. =



The atmosphere is a mixture of

nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%) that surrounds Earth.

**It is divided into five** ** [| layers] ** **:**

**TROPOSPHERE**: Most of the [|weather] and [|clouds] are found in this layer. We live here. (12 km.)
 * STRATOSPHERE ** : The ozone protects us from the Sun´s dangerous rays (50 km).
 * MESOSPHERE: ** It protects the Earth from the meteoroids: when a meteoroid enters, it burns up and we can see a shooting star. (80 km).
 * THERMOSPHERE: ** It´s very hot here. The Auroras or Northern Lights are produced by the electrical charges in here. (320km).
 * EXOSPHERE: ** It´s the uppermost region of the atmosphere. It gradually fades into the vaccum of the space. (500 km).

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=The atmosphere blocks some of the Sun´s dangerous rays from reaching Earth and helps the Earth from becoming too hot or too cold. =

= = = The difference between weather and climate is a measure of time. =

** Weather ** is what conditions of the atmosphere (temperature, cloudiness, humidity, winds,...) are over a short period of time.
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= Weather Forecasting =

= How do meteorologists forecast the weather? = = Weather forecasting is a prediction of what the weather will be like in an hour, tomorrow, or next week. = = Weather forecasting involves a combination of computer models, observations, and a knowledge of trends and patterns. By using these methods, reasonable accurate forecasts can be made up to seven days in advance. = = = = The meteorologists use the meteorological stations all over the world and satellites =



= =
 * Look at these weather symbols. Do you know all of them? **

= = [|Do you want to learn more about weather?] = = =** Climate ** is the average weather in a place over many years. = = = = We can divide the [|world’s climates] into three main groups: = = = = **The diferent climates depend on these facts:** =
 * Arctic (or Polar) zones, round the North and South Poles
 * Temperate zones, in between the Tropical and Polar zones
 * Tropical zones, round the Equator
 * [[image:pekewiki-loja/climate zones.jpg width="501" height="350"]] || [[image:climate zones 1.jpg width="603" height="357"]] ||

__1.__ Latitude —How close a place is to the equator (usually, the closer to the equator, the warmer it is). __2.__ Elevation —How high the land is above sea level (usually the higher the elevation, the cooler it is). __3.__ Ocean/Wind Currents —Hot water and air rises, cool water and air sinks—this creates currents that move heat around our planet. __4.__ Closeness to large bodies of water —This can increase precipitation and affect the temperature depending where the water is and how big it is. __5.__ Terrain- Mountaines can change how much rain or sun you get (the north side of a mountain usually has a different climate than the south side).

**While the weather can change in just a few hours, climate takes hundreds, thousands, even millions of years to change**

(click each climate to learn more) > =__**Tropical**__= > =__**Moderate**__= > =__**Continental**__= > =**__Polar__**= > =**__Dry__**= > =**__No Category__**=
 * __**Climate Types** __
 * == [|Tropical Wet] ==
 * == [|Tropical Wet and Dry] ==
 * == [|Humid Subtropical] ==
 * == [|Mediterranean] ==
 * == [|Marine West Coast] ==
 * == [|Humid Continental] ==
 * == [|Subarctic] ==
 * == [|Tundra] ==
 * == [|Ice Cap] ==
 * == [|Arid] ==
 * == [|Semiarid] ==
 * = [|Highland] = || __**Average Monthly Temperatures**__ [[image:220px-MonthlyMeanT.gif width="660" height="396"]]

__**Average Monthly Precipitation**__

||

Climate can determine a lot of things, but it especially determines what kind of plants and animals can live in an area. For example, polar bears need a cold climate. They would be terribly hot and would die quickly in the desert. When climates start to change, animals and plants become endangered.


 * [[image:http://www.ducksters.com/science/climate_desert.jpg align="left"]] || [[image:http://www.ducksters.com/science/climate_rain_forest.JPG align="left"]] || [[image:https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT6WDMFnAt-xAOHudFc--VScx_eJtjWpFDw4AfgMYeISwDYmsZh caption="Image result for polar climate"]] ||
 * DESERT CLIMATE || RAINFOREST CLIMATE || POLAR CLIMATE ||

=media type="youtube" key="yV2EK2bMgwk" width="560" height="315"= =What can you do to stop the global warming?= media type="youtube" key="bn8R_XqjjI0" width="560" height="315"
 * The earth’s climate is changing, and people and nature are already dealing with the consequences. **

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